I am an Assistant Professor at the Hebrew University Faculty of Law and School of Computer Science and Engineering, where I lead the Governance of AI Lab (GOAL). Our mission is to support safe and ethical AI through cross-disciplinary research that integrates methods from law, computer science, and the social sciences. Areas of focus include the governance of AI agents, empirical evaluations of legal alignment, and institutional design for advanced AI.

My scholarship has been published in leading law reviews (Washington University Law Review, Notre Dame Law Review, Harvard Journal of Law & Technology, Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Yale Law & Policy Review), computer science venues (NeurIPS, ICML, ACM FAccT, AIES), and general-interest journals (Patterns, Science).

Previously, I completed my doctoral studies at the University of Toronto, during which time I served as a research advisor to Google DeepMind and was a member of OpenAI’s GPT-4 red team. I am an affiliate at the Schwartz Reisman Institute for Technology and Society, the Machine Intelligence and Normative Theory Lab, and the Institute for Law & AI.

► To apply for research opportunities at GOAL, please complete this short form.

Law Publications

Regulating AI Agents (with Kathrin Gardhouse and Amin Oueslati), draft — comments welcome

Superintelligence and Law, Harvard Journal of Law & Technology (forthcoming)

"Highly recommended" — Larry Solum's Legal Theory Blog

Governing AI Agents, 101 Notre Dame Law Review (forthcoming)

"Kolt’s article is a must-read conversation starter" — JOTWELL

Finalist — Carnegie Endowment Award for Scholarship on AI and Liability

Algorithmic Black Swans, 101 Washington University Law Review 1177 (2024)

Predicting Consumer Contracts, 37 Berkeley Technology Law Journal 71 (2022)

Populist Rhetoric, False Mirroring, and the Courts (with Alon Harel), 18 International Journal of Constitutional Law 746 (2020)

Return on Data: Personalizing Consumer Guidance in Data Exchanges, 38 Yale Law & Policy Review 77 (2019)

Cosmopolitan Originalism: Revisiting the Role of International Law in Constitutional Interpretation, 41 Melbourne University Law Review 182 (2017)

Computer Science Publications

Legal Alignment for Safe and Ethical AI (with Nicholas Caputo, Jack Boeglin, Cullen O'Keefe, Rishi Bommasani, Stephen Casper, Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar, Noah Feldman, Iason Gabriel, Gillian Hadfield, Lewis Hammond, Peter Henderson, Atoosa Kasirzadeh, Seth Lazar, Anka Reuel, Kevin Wei, Jonathan Zittrain) (2026)

Project website: https://www.legal-alignment.ai/

The 2025 AI Agent Index: Documenting Technical and Safety Features of Deployed Agentic AI Systems (co-senior author, with Leon Staufer, Stephen Casper, and others) ACM FAccT (2026)

Further details and full dataset: https://aiagentindex.mit.edu/

Featured in IEEE Spectrum, CNET, Gizmodo, ZDNet, The Register, and the University of Cambridge

Build Agent Advocates, Not Platform Agents (with Sayash Kapoor and Seth Lazar) ICML (2025)

Lessons from Complex Systems Science for AI Governance (with Michal Shur-Ofry and Reuven Cohen) Patterns (2025)

Regulating Advanced Artificial Agents (equal lead author, with Michael Cohen, Yoshua Bengio, Gillian Hadfield, and Stuart Russell) Science (2024)

Responsible Reporting for Frontier AI Development (lead author) AIES (2024)

Black-Box Access is Insufficient for Rigorous AI Audits (with Stephen Casper and others) ACM FAccT (2024)

Visibility into AI Agents (with Alan Chan and others) ACM FAccT (2024)

LegalBench: A Collaboratively Built Benchmark for Measuring Legal Reasoning in Large Language Models (with Neel Guha and others) NeurIPS (2023)

Technical Reports and Preprints

The AI Agent Index (equal lead author, with Stephen Casper, and others) (2025)

IDs for AI Systems (with Alan Chan and others) RegML @ NeurIPS (2024)

Levels of Autonomy: Liability in the Age of AI Agents (with Lisa Soder and others) SoLaR @ NeurIPS (2024)

What Should Be Internationalised in AI Governance? (with Claire Dennis and others) Oxford Martin School (2024)

Through the Chat Window and Into the Real World: Preparing for AI Agents (with Helen Toner and others) Georgetown CSET (2024)

Frontier AI Regulation: Managing Emerging Risks to Public Safety (with Markus Anderljung and others) arXiv (2023)

Model Evaluation for Extreme Risks (with Toby Shevlane and others) arXiv (2023)